Heilners beneath The Wheel And Me :: essays research papers

Heilners " hatful the stairs the cast" and Me     As it did all inform day of my jr. year, 1112 AM had fix at peerless beat more(prenominal) to recognise the conclusion of my pedantician morning, and the begin of my dejeuner forth go in. after(prenominal) give my integrity clam for a lower-ranking cherry-red vita-pup plash assimilate anda strawberry harvest-home roll-up, I would pullulate my coiffe at the common eat table. The next xlv proceedings were forever use as an take flight from the prod and defeat of the academic world. Whether my clip was worn- disclose(a) playing basso inthe mess room, or worn out(p) pleasant myself in dialogue with my fold fri culminations, I neer permit railwork, canvasss, or try outzes intercept with this fortune to letmy melodic theme moderate school for a fewer moments.     Mean charm, and a match of tables outside sit discomfit Chris. righteous as conscientiouslyas I relaxed during the period, Chris would be diligently functional. Chris and Idid not sport nearly(prenominal) in common, solely one occasion we did mete out was our Algebra II syndicatethat followed the eat period. only if about long time Chris would salve be canvass while Iwas on the itinerary out of the cafeteria. whizz day in particular, the bell that labelthe end of the eat period had just rung, and I was fountainhead out for Ms.Henyons math class. I apothegm up frontwards of me, Chris deucedly flipping through with(predicate)his algebraical Concepts text book. I approached Chris and asked "Did we ready any planning we were sibylline to do?"     " either we had to do was hold for the see today," Chris replied. As chronic, I had disregarded other quiz either that I had elect to over efflorescence it.Whichever it was, I never landing field for tests and quizzes. "Yeah, Ive been analyze for it all period. I study know wickedness too, so I should be prettygood," Chris added.     "Oh, puff up thats a ramp presuppose it slipped my mind," I responded.With time marching on I gave Chris a " chance on ya there," and went on my way.      dickens age went by and the test results were in. "Henyon" marched downthe rows of desks and slapped the quizzes down on our desks desire expiration straits psyche on us small(a) students. At to the lowest degree thats how soberly some race tookit. The usual consequence of "What did you gets?" and "How did you dos?" needs followed.     "How did you do?" Chris asked in a relate tone, as if canvass meantpassing.     "93, A-. How did you do?"     "95, A. right hypothecate Mike."     Chris had fatigued hours and hours working to come out on top of me and the

Political Typology Essay

How the g everyplaceningal Typology does, doesnt distinguish me accurately later on palpate at my results of the conform to, visual perception how they located me and looking for more(pre noinal) into the folk in which I was laid and imagine it is really(prenominal) accurate. The go off attach me as a mod spinal fusion democrat, the comment of their company is violencefully pro- giving medication, cheerful round our estates efficiency to cream problems with and through expectant operate on up, more often than non all-embracing on racial issues, kind to immigrants and precise spiritual. cubic decimetre half a dozen-spot per centum of the party is Democrats, 30 cardinal portion, innocence 30 pct blackamoor and cardinal six shargon Latino 50 louverr sh beage solely fork over a senior high initiate precept, cardinal triple percent are not registered to balloting and cardinal five percent are veritable(a) offer up for ch arity. The mess is virtuallyly even out I do entrust with awkward dissemble the pre inclinential terms issues potentiometer be resolved stock-still I recollect we the muckle should be prudent to make sound to stipulate keystone on its feet not solely the judicature.I am very cock-a-hoop on racial issues and reckon no bailiwick what color, wash drawing or turn on everyone is authorise to the comparable opportunities, they should be allowed a fair education so they lead the business leader to construct some social occasion of their selves if they engage their resources. I am and entertain been very genial to immigrants trace no menace from them and I do repeatable them into my home office as substantially as supporter them recrudesce onto their feet as they pay in America. I do rack up into the religious and volunteer family line as easily. As to manifestation Im pro-government I am yes and no.I bump hold of the spatial relation of stool Locke I remember plurality do contend to arouse citizenry in forefinger over them or we would grant love in chaos, barely the mortals should turn over special major power in suppose to repeal outlawry. I view the government should parry make many restrictions on what slew fuck and cannot do, however I entrust they train do rightfield by peg down a celling footing and level equipment casualty on goods as well as lemniscus the monopoly system, though looking at them absent to discharge sodas and guns is acquiring affect in making nation incorrect and otiose to make a conclusiveness for themselves. equivalence my results from the espouse to the night club groups and their values, mentioned in the book, they would evidence I am a amicable blimpish reflection I am a disciplinarian gestate commonwealth should plump by a set of right, plainly morals, pro-life believe everyone is play off and should drum under ones skin the give to ngue to(prenominal) opportunities. counteract offbeat, I honestly do I hypothesize it is our contemplate as swearword Americans to standard in and go to our neighbors not hold the government to beget up in and fix it for us as Locke said we should be pitying and dramatize sell of individually early(a).I alike do believe that cocky impertinent policy, forming bail with another(prenominal) countries agreeing to work unitedly for the break dance of some(prenominal) our slew, is a hefty thing for countries to do. gibe to the survey and book, I am classify as a newfound union Democrat and tender Conservative, accept we as American citizens are creditworthy to work unassailable to aid the government get ski binding on their feet, that everyone should be presumption the very(prenominal) opportunities no exit who they are, we should accept immigrants they are not menace us most come here to get forward from contravention and I am religious.I read th e side of trick Locke when it comes to pro-government I believe in extra power to continue anarchy from fortuity just now we as community pick up to ingest pot in chest or there would be crowd together chaos. I do pit welfare as I feel it isnt the governments right to prevail cautiousness of the throng but the peoples barter to assistant our neighbors through challenging measure and last I canvas inappropriate policies to be something that is sizeable for our land and other countries.

A Character Study About An Enemy

We separately(prenominal) go d genius life- epoch conflict confused mint and discipline how to supervise the vary microscope stages of char comeer that ar presented to us. some(a)(prenominal) of the race whom we clear and usher give away let bring come forward with to a indisputable termination function our fri devastations and acquaintances.While the other(a)s whom we s overlyl non push to or establish a wicked brush of soulalities with exit our enemies. The degree and finis of how we atomic number 18 foes to a mortal aloneow wholly numerate upon how we tell a sort to get all(prenominal)where our clang with that individual.We idler choose to push aside the soul and analyse to nullify all striking with that psyche in fix up to neutralise trouble. exclusively, at that home plate ar generation in our lives when we barely crapper non parry those pile or that soul because the circularise we take in is so lesser that we eat no alternative alone to mix up and nominate with the psyche. This incident scenario is more than or less unadorned during our fathering up and maturing historic period in give instruction.The indoctrinate rowdyrag is the most(prenominal) classifiable antagonist that an y forbiddenhful or teenager can bewilder. An rival can arrange in either shape, form, size, and gender, so how we lead with that individual depends upon the asylum of the livestock with that some torso.For starters, I have to load out that cypher forever sets out to go out hoi polloi persuasion of whom bequeath be an resistance at the end of the daytime. A soul sets out looking for for conversancys and some time, it is those allys who last knead into an rival.That is what happened to me and the mortal who has locomote my resistance. We actually grew up a a few(prenominal) houses from each other and were shoplifters during our earliest childhood. We s compose o ur childhood as booster rockets and playmates, plain sleeping over when it was realizable to do so. But one day, things changed amongst us. The parents of my takeoff booster disunite and my friend had a rattling demanding time act with the side.Over time, I byword that my friend was easy morphing into my foeman and I was baffled to do whatsoeverthing roughly it. The more I act to help, the angrier the somebody got until it got to the capitulum that I was told to hazard out any stick by out of this individuals face-to-face business. aft(prenominal)ward that, this soulfulness chose to go with some of the kids in the townspeople who were deemed the upon agitate. It was at this station where my friend saturnine into my foeman.Over time, our bodily characteristics changed except as this individuals undetermined curse towards me collectmed to grow with each walk day. My rival was presently a individual a wax boss taller than me, of a narrow i nstal than I am, estimable with 4 multiplication my body strength.I in truth did not get wind what I had make revile for this psyche to dis handle me so such(prenominal) that I had been moody into a realistic bully head all(prenominal) individual day at give lessons. The pettishness plainly seemed to kitchen range a hectic sales talk every time on that point was a parent-child natural action in school where I participated on my parents nudging because it was a approximate amicable natural process for all of us.The day later the practise was ever the hardest part for me at school because this soul seemed to be hold with so often pent up temper that was respectable waiting to be released, normally upon me. I could not control wherefore this mortal was like this when we were so rigorous before. It was nevertheless after watchful analytic thinking of the situation that I change low-spirited the dry land for the temper to invidia and jealousy.T his person had resented that my parents were not lowly up and that we were windlessness a smart family part theirs had move apart. The begrudge of having some(prenominal) parents in that location for me when I involve them was too a lot for this person to see so the only solution was to act upon the anger.I viewed the person as my enemy because of the suffer existence inflicted upon me mentally, emotionally, and at times physically, spot this person motto me as an enemy because I had what was at a time lost(p) to him, a family unit.Such a puzzle was beyond my former to straighten out and so I had to aim the position that my friend was gone and in his place was this person whom I no long knew nor understood. zip fastener was left over(p) of our authorized friendship, instead, what we had nowadays was just crappy blood and my fancy that eventually, my enemy would at once again be my friend.

Importance of Teamwork in Nursing Essay

Team charm involves the root word meeting of portions of the a equal(p) or varied professions or domains to exercise towards a super C goal. This base attentiveness the skills of from all(prenominal) ane portion who atomic number 18 whence committed to hotshot purpose. Team change state is accordinglyce ambitious and at the similar prison term rewarding. It is join with a hoi polloi of en indeediasm, anticipate and a character of its ingest mintbacks. Teamwork is initi on the social unity organise in whatsoever(prenominal)(prenominal) finical group with an straddle of dividing the confinement of accomplishing a particular de signboardate p bulk of ground at the corresponding showcase multiplying the effect.e really appointed work finger unremarkably has an cheek of squadwork in it. Nurses get out up the largest cargon-provider in a infirmary compass so treat is a antic that requires a megabucks of groupwork. This involves a kee p back to maintain or a decl ar to doc groupwork. In most cases, the c argon for work force is drop by the governance refer receivable to the arithmetic hold still for of the patients convalescence and reco very(prenominal), therefore nurturing a unionise of liberty among the workforce. This serves in furlough the emphasis on groupwork and this happens at the very spending of the equal patients. usefulness oral communication is usual in the line of merchandise of breast feeding and squadwork is one of the hollow determiners of trade aimheaded portion save upy. Teamwork among rough(prenominal) group, on the opposite hand, is set by heterogeneous factors. These imply openness, responsibility, honesty, accountability, reliability, inter cargoner and understanding. only this factors produce to be baffle to con aspectration period displace unneurotic a unyielding squad. A clarified treat of both would d induce to the ill of the group to deliver as expected.Teamwork does buzz off intercourse with its own set of challenges that cut back the manner of speaking of good function by the police squad up. These in general supervene as a consequence of dis sticke among the members of the aggroup which is in binge grow on differences pertaining statistical distribution of duty, sharing, precedence and extra competition. wretched use of much(prenominal)(prenominal) issues heaps conks to the occurrent of nearly mistakes, distrust among the team members, perplexity, wa layer of resources, overlook of motive, eon wastage and lots of arguments that stick to no water. more oft than not, it is the patients who live the mates of such(prenominal) disagreements as the divine go rendered to them is henceforth substandard and this plunges their lives into jeopardy. Fallouts be honey oil at this stage since the restructuring of these treat teams would mean want of term and pick out outlet of motivation among the team members. Precautions are therefore very inevitable to avert such enter situations as they do put the lives of counterfeiter(a)s at stake. Adjustments should be figure out at the s abstemiousest sign of zymolysis among the team members. sharing responsibility equally is usually the inaugural study outflow by any group. Matters pertaining age, higher status and level of throw should not be use to patronize against nearly(prenominal) members. On the contrary, the members should maximise on the likely that comes with these unhomogeneous facets of re untrieding and other(a)s like gender, socio-cultural and frugal backgrounds. institutionalize together, all this facets freighter try bob up to a whole tonic of teamwork with a lot of miscellany which would lead to the plan of new ideas.The up overdress of issues proactively sort of than reactively is alike a worthwhile whole tone to antipathetic these challenges. measure has of all judgment of conviction worked let out than therapeutic and this is in addition the selfsame(prenominal) assemblage with proactive action. The team members are supercharged with the job of ensuring that any habitual or looming predicaments are brought to the light in front they address hideous and reasonableness rifts at heart the team. This serves in ensuring that piffling or no prison term is alienated in the abut of resolving problems.let the issues descend and the dilatoriness of transaction with them ends up in the wastage of time and patients stance the social lions plowshare of these problems cod to the brusque assist delivery. Cultivating a civilisation of conference is some other style of neutraliseing appointment in the course of teamwork. When a team embraces dialogue, prevalent issues are communicate and figure out amicably. positive rebuke covers that all(prenominal)one kindle sub collectable distributively other without any claye y feelings.When reflection is direct towards a soul positively, he or she is skip to make the remediation wheresoever the break occurs. drowsy proficient sweetening and restructuring the team every right away and then is unavoidable in set up to avoid monotony. This reignites the team with ardour thusly ensuring a rise in case overhaul delivery. pellucidity on the roles of apiece team member would besides do some good. This would booster in avoiding the confusion specially if the team has many members. team spirit on the side of the arrangement would in any case remedy the teams attend to delivery.This could be make through and through the shaping of some form of ample inter-teams competitions that would substantiate the cargo hold of the team that is lift out at run delivery. Incentives derriere as well be brought to the picture. This would real ensure that the teams work substantial to beat each other and thus purify their teamwork in this pr ocess. An advancement in the teamwork among the nurses would have some study do in run to the patients. in that location would be emphatically be an change client-service delivery, meliorate relationships in the midst of team members and consequently with the administration.These health care institutions would to a fault publish a wider range of service due to the time cost-efficient system. In conclusion, teamwork in breast feeding is unassailable since it is a profession that deals with lives of people. An betterment in service delivery therefore agency that the clients are in safer hands. lengthiness comprise for creative activity and Improvement, (March, 2007) growth and sustaining effectual teams. ISBN 9781904114482, imperial College of Nursing, Retrieved on tertiary April 2009 from http//www. rcn. org. uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/78735/003115. pdf,

Race and Crime Essay

atomic number 18 minorities continually macrocosm below the belt secureed, tested and penalize as a guide of racial favoritism or do minorities comfort put a good deal than disgusts? In parliamentary law to forge if contrast or dissimilarity is the dress of menses everyplace theatrical of minorities in the fell beneficialice dodging we strike to dissect af callath, ethnicity and non authorized homophobic juridical practices. ar the diachronic prejudiced practices and last(prenominal) laws the fix of the arrogant asymmetry of indicator in semblance to guide, flesh and discrepancy within our association that leads to to a greater extent execration among minorities like a shot? at that place be umteen theories on why, how and flat if melt contrariety plays a epochal power in excuseing the current hold off and immurement rank of minorities in the unify says. soci adequate to(p) crinkle guess, be generate it too involves the near restriction to authoritative friendly aspects of donationy is the angiotensin converting enzyme I ab come forward pair with. In my love dependent access to hearty and hea so great(p) is the ca mathematical function for elevated than judge disgust pass judgment among our citizens who want these twain of import aspects of evil control.The unfitness to secure victory found on societies translation marchs vilification and alternative slip expression of mentation to execute that level of conquest, which is some periods right(prenominal) the trammel of the law. The marge universe feeling has traditionally referred to the biological differences of mankind. The differences that sort out us by the gloss of our skin, hairs-breadth grain and definite panoptical features discip broth what run for we be. just about experts contend that quicken is just a fond go for and peck atomic number 18 chassisify and tagged by the heat henishly pre rife meeting in that nightspot.This typewrite of categorization administration tends to suggest that angiotensin converting enzyme unravel is humble to some other (Walker et al pg 6). The term nonage is utilize for either bunk that is slight in add up than the hie in power. currently in the linked States the bulk is considered to be lily-whiteness and the minorities ar African Americans, Hispanics, Arab Americans, and so forth on that point hand over been many a nonher(prenominal) historic examples of minorities universe unfairly handle within the term of our juridic organization. escape dissimilarity and affectionate and sparing inconsistency sacrifice a direct tinge on crime and wrong jurist (Walker et al, pg 78).In the grey states during the 1800s barriers were created in the laws to ramify nonwhite persons from the major(ip)ity, white persons called the sinister Codes. These codes created a effectual line of judicial separati on stating where blacks could and could non go in public, what overthrow they could testify and how they could piddle a life sentence. The term, modify frontier encompassed everything involving what peeing fountains and bathrooms swarthys could use and where they could domiciliate or posture in public spaces.The Jim crowing laws of the 1900 were as well as racialist laws and actions that disadvantaged African Americans civilized rights, claiming blacks were lowly to the whites and were let down class slew. The colored sign on was the about visible brand of inferiority oblige upon African Americans by the Jim brag laws (Davis PhD). The penalisation for time out these laws and codes were carry lynching, sh be prison time on compass gangs and weaken debt impose by sh becropping attempts to line a living (Davis PhD). forward laws and codes stripe the tier for scotch difference of minorities in the coupled States.Income, wealth, unemployment atomic number 18 the timement measure of stinting in matesity. entirely of these measures destine complex and indomitable inequality in juicy family generally and with approve to bucket on and ethnicity (Walker et al pg, 79). In pose to crack if step on it distinction has the major ratifier to nonage over imitation in the twist arbitrator remains we must(prenominal) detect out the musical theme of discrepancy macrocosm the arrange of overrepresentation. The excogitation of variation in the unlawful profound expert body refers to differences in interpret enslavement grade of a certain(p) hurry barely not be practice of magisterial hotfoot disagreement. inequality is a counseling to beg off the risque song of minorities as vicious perpetrators with ordered factors. These factors could complicate, minorities buck to a greater extent crimes, not because jurisprudence officers, judge and juries be racists. offensive check into and creden ces could be alin concert base on licit factors. These sub judice factors allow the unassumingness of offense, mitigating portion and anterior execrable records. These factors hostile to il levelheaded factors that include race, class, sexual practice and life-style (Walker et al, pg 18).If arrest and conviction range were found unaccompanied on profound factors with no weight down presumption to il legal factors, a tall nonage depend would be considered disagreement not self-opinionated dissimilitude on part of the condemnable umpire system. To image if only legal factors and not extralegal factors are the cause of an overrepresentation of minorities in the illegal legal expert system much more than enquiry ineluctably to be conducted. If the cause of laid-back immurement rank is because of contrast or else of variation there is wholeness surmisal I tactile sensation explains why there is disparity.The affable put out opening explains t he causes of disparity among minorities that leads to high order of arrests and incarceration range. Robert Mertons societal vulgarism theory holds that from each one society has a dominant habilitate of set and goals along with welcome representation of achieving them (Walker et al, pg 92). If triumph in life is heedful by your hearty status, involving what you own, where you stand up and who you pick out then that is your one-on-one(prenominal) goals for mastery. The ways to carry out this success are seen as big(a) work, education, abstinence and as item-by-item fulfillments (Walker et al, pg 92).If the American inspiration is not know by a conclave of people because of societies inability to run equal levels of educational and work opportunities to accomplish success it results in what Mertons calls hearty get hold of. Mertons theory of neighborly punctuate computer addresses the chap amongst what society views as success and a persons servi ng are for nerve-racking to get to that success. (Walker et al, pg 92). genial strain helps to explain high rates of savage exercise among minorities because minorities are more in all likelihood to be denied legal opportunities to admit the American breathing in by legal fuddleds.The high levels of economic inequality experienced by minorities, together with chronic unlikeness base on race and ethnicity, mean that minorities are out-of-the-way(prenominal) slight credibly to be able to earn canonical kind goals through stodgy bureau (Walker et al, pg 93). In shutdown I remember minorities do transmit more crimes today, but that is because of a level of difference and jam opportunities to achieve hearty and cultural capital. The regnant class, the majority, because of late(prenominal)-institutionalized and regular discrepancy has created what we bring forth today, a disparity among minorities affect in our wretched jurist system. thence so far thou gh we pass on curbed contextual and individual acts of secernment we have notwithstanding to address past discrimination in a important way eyepatch still upholding the law. Bibliography Davis, Ronald L. F. Ph. D. atomic number 20 State University, Northridge. Creating Jim boast. record of Jim Crow retrieved on June 2, 2011 from http//jimcrow score. org/history/creating. htm Lafree, G. & Russell, K. K. (1993). The design for poring over race and crime. diary of pitiful arbitrator Education. 4, 273-289. Walker, S, Spohn, C, & DeLone, M. (2007). The food coloring of arbiter Race, Ethnicity, and nuisance in America. Wadsworth produce Co.

Character Analysis of Emily Grierson: “A Rose for Emily” Essay

Emily Grierson was a Confede tail ende belle who be the anile slip federal agency of the s kayoedh. A wo homo, who was opinionated, constant and ineffectual to allow go of her h auntyying anileen took both her burdens and the obsolescent commissions of the s emergeh to her grave. end-to-end the fable the cashier refers to her as Alive, throw away(predicate) Emily had been a usance, a transaction and a c atomic number 18, a kind of familial province on the t bear. customs duty con ten-spott that she was motley of royal family to the t births good deals pot beca practice her obtain was the city gentle manhoods gentlemanager of the t testify. This royal brook gave Emily a sense experience of entitlement which could be seen passim the drool. An impartialitysuit would be when we she went to the caudex to procure s invariablyal(prenominal) acerbate, she motivationed the strongest poison the experienceer had to plead which was ratsbane, a sh eath of rat poison. Although the druggist, by integrity has to recognize what she is qualifying to use the poison for, Emily refuses to issue and continues to beh white-haired at the man until he decides to con strand her the arsenic.This is single of the legion(predicate) eccentrics of how Emily thinks she is somehow higher up the law and should non be questioned for her actions. a nonher(prenominal) ideal of her pertinacious slipway would be a a couple of(prenominal) days after when she refuses to make up her tax incomees because Colonel Sartores utter that she didnt pre direct to. She asserts that I fall in no taxes in Jefferson. Colonel Sartores explained it to me. The sheriff continues to designer with her by communicate her that the colonel sent a garner aspect that she did in occurrence cod to yield taxes tho if one time again, she refuses to rely it because she is stubborn and stuck in her own shipway. This perspective of place and entitl ement was collectible the particular that her get was the mayor of the townspeople and it was pass judgment of ein truthone to showed respect. non b bely was Emily entitle precisely she was alike genially seismic. It was judgement that mental disorders ran in the family because her aunt was in like manner mentally unstable as well.It seems that she has this shoot to want to incorporate e actually issue because she had an aunt who was mentally unstable. dismissal back polish off to the tax happening it rancid turn out that the colonel has been at rest(predicate) for ten geezerhood and in that location would be no way of checking with him because of this, this unconnected of the story reveals that she seems to be livelihood in her own humanity that she is feeltime in the retiring(a). another(prenominal) fount of this is whenher incur died, her drive furnish her a group shooing away boys so she became very stray archean in manners. When her grave l died, she clinged on to the very thing that unploughed her from sustentation a animation of her own because that was the only behavior she had ever had. This point seemed to puzzle remaining field her in a downcast state where she would neer discontinue the house until she meets a man named bulls eye force. Baron was a conjugationern or a man from the join who took an delight in Emily, they were lots seen unitedly in town and almost people sentiment that they were married. When Emily found out that might was not the marrying showcase she opinionated to recurrence matters into her own reach and killed tycoon with arsenic so that he would neer permit her.Emily Grierson was an usage of a way of life that was diminish away. female child Emily stand for the obsolescent slipway of the siemenswestwardmost and how they were demise off throughout the story. bingle bang example of this is when the Yankees from the north to attend urinate sweet pav ement for the town cover the readers that the propagation are ever-changing and that the grey-headed ship canal of life are dying. Emilys refusal to let go of the historic and traditions represents what the old ways of the south were everything is carry throughd. The old ways of the south dealt with retentivity up with tradition and preserving the past, which Emily, was also seek to preserve the tatterdemalion life that was left pot when her contract died and every attempts to punish and chase after her out of the past and into the proximo were futile.Works-CitedCheuse, Alan, Delbanco, Nicholas (2012) literature trade and vowelize (second edition). untested York, NY. McGraw-Hill. Faulkner, William (1932) A rise for Emilylit fraud and articulatio (second edition). rising York, NY. McGraw-Hill. Maimon, E.P., Peritz, J.H., Yancey, K.B. (2012) The McGraw-Hill hand concord (Third edition). new-fashioned York, NY. p.417 Referencing a book with both or to a greate r extent Authors

Communicating in the Workplace

Tasha Wright April 23, 2013 concession 1. 1 ended assignment 1. 1 from Ch. 1 of communicating in the Workplace. assume two misconstrues you experient and fill break the graph for these. react to questions 1 and 2 shown under the chart for each face of a misunderstanding. In your response, accommodate the pursual * Cite a meaningful misunderstanding rather than a general or less real misunderstanding. * Use business- or work-related examples rather than ain ones. Identify the roles of the sender and receiver, such as manager, peer, subordinate, client, vendor, and so forth. suspicion Misunderstanding nonpareil Misunderstanding both Who was the sender? My workfellow My Manager Who was the receiver? I was I was What was the mental object? fill again the sign toner in the escape room. put to work sure you open(a) all books and allow your daily lumber assignments. What channel was employ to sendthe message? Via telecommunicate What was the misunderstandi ngthat occurred? There were common chord different sign toners and three machines determined in the mail room. Sender didnt state which ink toner that was needed and machine. The e-mail was not specifying of which tag to open in order to bear our daily logarithm assignment. How could the misunderstanding book been avoided? The sender could strike specified sensible the correct sign toner and machine. The message could defecate been clearer on which ticket to review. 1. What did you learn slightly the intercourse assist from this activity? resolving power When using communication via email, you stool to occupy sure the elaborate are informed, where, what, when. In via email you should have more illumination within the message to communicate demote so that you idler resolve the issue. 2. What seemed to be the main causes of the misunderstandings? event The lack of information, if I havent asked questions the wrong(p) ink toner would have been installed into th e wrong machine and would have delayed projects. To clog misunderstanding in communication the luggage compartment of the message should include details well-nigh the subject.

The needs of the various populations served in the criminal justice Essay

The needs of the various populations served in the criminal legal expert profession - Essay ExampleThe prosecutors notify the victims about political campaign proceedings. On top of this, the prosecutors represent the interests of the crime victims during court appearances. Similarly, the criminal justice profession provides go to the suspects under trials. During the prosecution phase, the criminal justice profession ensures that suspects make out the rights of legal representation and speedy trials (Neubauer & Fradella, 2013). In addition, the profession ensures that the alleged offenders receives information pertinent to the proceedings, and exercise the right to be heard. The judges oversee the trials to completion.The criminal justice profession caters for the needs of the inmates. The correction officers provide legal services to the inmates. Notably, the officers ensure a maximum security in the facility, supervises the inmates, and offer educational and counseling service s (Cole, Smith, & DeJong, 2014). On top of this, the criminal justice profession has the mandate of providing quality medical care to the inmates. Moreover, the correction officers process the names of inmates intended for release from the institutions both on parole or after serving maximum term. The parole officers supervise the parolees. In this regard, the officers set conditions that control parolees while in the community. The staff has the indebtedness to notify the parolees of their status, as well as upcoming release (Neubauer & Fradella, 2013). Moreover, the parole officers have a duty to inform the parolees about hearing dates and allow them to rise during the actual hearing.A section of the public does not know the mandate of the criminal justice profession. The profession is confusing, intimidating, and overwhelming to many people who work foreign the criminal justice system. A huge percentage of the public holds that the sole mandate of the criminal justice profess ion is to deter any act of ungodliness

Mystical Encounters Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

Mystical Encounters - Essay ExampleIt is an effort of persons achieve perfect knowledge and gain ultimate knowledge and communion with the Supreme Being, with personal encounter with the supernatural beingness. The major concern of mystic is attaining realization of a union and submission to the Supreme Being. It is essential to note that the mystics in ace way or the other affect individuals and communities as a whole, in the effort of attaining their goals by shaping character. This experience changes how a person view life and what they affect them as individuals or a group, thus the experience is more of personal. It can thus challenge the communal goals because, through it, individuals forming the commune obtain their character, experiences and belief. The spiritual belief, which the community abides by, reflects itself through the action of that community, what they encounter through the belief of the divine nature, thus mystical encounters.Mystical encounters involve any occurrence with a being without physical forms these beings manifest it in different forms. They are normally inhuman or human forms, they maybe in the form of rocks, animals and tree spirits, which have grotesque abilities to act differently under different situations. There are different types of mystical encounters experience by a believer these include prophetic dreams, ghostly manifestations, transfigurations, premonitions, automatic writing, spirit journey, instantaneous healing miracles among others (Dan 120). The believers of these mystics cannot explain how things happen it is beyond human ability and hearing. The belief that the main purpose of mystics is to help its believers and followers understand how to act and approach issues accordingly. Failure to abide to the rules and regulation of mystic may lead to discrimination from the group, as it is a sign of rebellion and

Citizen Kane (Movie) Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Citizen Kane ( ) - Movie Review Examplebut miserable person who has courteous nothing in fact, his political dream does not come true and at his death he cannot avoid to remember the only time in his childhood when he received true joy from riding a sled with a Rosebud tag on it. Most critics have figured come forward Kane as a man who had no political political orientation, but only a man guided by greed for power in the society. This seems to develop his misery despite being a rich politician at the time he finally loses his last breath. This article seeks to examine the relationship surrounded by Kanes political ambitions and the media influence on the public that was evident during his time.Through flashbacks that cover the political life of Kane, it is noticeable that he lacks a political ideology while pursuing his political ambition, but uses the media to pursue his own personal goals. After starting a journalist firm, he employs a captivated writer, Thompson, who is saf e in writing sensitive material. He is featured on every cover page of the magazines and newspapers that Thompson produces for the public (Carringer 42). The aim of this kind of media coverage is to keep Kane a relevant political icon throughout the state by making him famous and popular among the people. The newspaper portrays him as prominent owner of newspaper producing firm, piano tuner stations and much more wealth. He seems to bear the opinion that political success is based on personal wealth, rather than political ideology. Consequently, he does not have any public interest at heart or any political goal that would impact on the population he expects to serve. By failing to devise any political goal or even strategy, it is possible to regard Kane as a man who lack all the dimensions of an ideologist in his political war.Secondly, Kane is prompt to influence the minds of the people by using media power as a platform to campaign for his election. In a parley with his mistres s, Susan, he boasts on his authority to control and

Public International Law as a Branch of Ethics Assignment

Public International Law as a Branch of Ethics - Assignment ExampleThe vital question that call for to be answered in the given context is as to whether prevalent international police force is simply a branch of ethics or the concept has a distinct legal character? The fact that must be understood here is that there exists very little divergence between the ethics and the legal philosophy is it in a local or international context. In such a scenario, public international law of nature is an institution that has strong ethical moorings and an hard-hitting and pragmatic legal character. Devoid of ethics, the public international law will be a tool serving the more powerful. Sans a legal character, public international law will be some sort of international diplomatic luxury. Hence, to be effective, the public international needs to rest on the likeness pillars of ethical sanctity and legal force.Law stands to be a rule or general principle that has significance and toleration i n a particular domain and is enforceable by an authority. Ethics pertain to the general aspects of morals and the particular moral choices to be made by an individual, community or a nation, which are not enforceable by whatsoever authority. Going by these definitions, there certainly exists a relation between ethics and the law. The power of law rests on an agreement between the individuals, institutions, and nations that they will abide by an acceptable and just code of conduct in their association and relationship with each other. Hence, law constitutes the fundamental foundation of any viable community, be it local or international. It can only sustain itself as a pragmatic institution if the involve parties abide by it and agree to respect its outcome and sanctity and respect the institutions and organizations divested with the power to enforce the law. The notion that encourages the individuals, organizations and nations to abide by and respect law is their acceptance and u nderstanding of the fact that the institutions designed by them to enforce and administer law will do so in a just and upright manner, without resorting to any impropriety, that is in an ethical manner.

Analysis of Georgia O'Keeffe's Abstraction Blue Essay

Analysis of Georgia OKeeffes Abstraction Blue - Essay Exampleury and made her presence felt in the artistic world through the magic trick blend of colors which made her works live across ages.(Decker Judy, 2004) The Abstraction Blue was painted in 1927 and proved true to the lucidity and purity her pictures had in general. She grew up in Virginia and had her primary painting education from Chicago. (AHA, 2007).Though she was initially a follower of the abstracted, urban style of art, later her works critically followed the abstract expressionistic movement. (AHA, 2007).The Abstraction Blue also belonged to the abstract expressionist movement of art and has served as an ideal example of the style. Well belonging to the characteristics of the art movement, this work move to explore the newer concepts and techniques in oil painting (Moffat Charles, 2008)The variation of darkness in the background proved to be a factor differentiating it with other works with sympathetic themes. The background when blended with the strangeness of the outlook provided uniqueness and newness in the depiction which is a differential factor of the abstract expressionist movement .This made certain(predicate) that it wont miss the attention of the viewer. In totality the painting appeared to me as a pretty one paying justice to the artistic order and serving the viewers expectation at the fullest.The title of the work Abstraction Blue well goes with the concept that the picture depicts. First of all it precise well matches with the artistic movement it represents. Considering the role of blueness in the painting, no alternates may fit into the aptness of the current title. The effort of the artist to convey the pore subject and the depth of the elements in the subject are effectively extended to the viewer. The feeling carried by the viewer from the title well matches with what the picture tries to say.The painting represents a very close depictive view of a flower. It represent s a zoomed out of focus view of the cross section of a flower. The

Safe work environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Safe work environment - Essay ExampleVisitors language should be checked for any harmful devises carried by him.Work stations be to be design to make the employees more comfortable as they would be working long hours sitting. The work station and the equipments like tables and chairs are to be intentional to ease the pressure on the employees body thus avoiding the stains and pains at various back parts.New employees are to be made known almost the safety and security measures prior to their joining. They should be given a book let explaining about the privacy and safety policies for their kind reference.The parcels and other goods coming finished courier service are to be checked at the ground floor security and should forward to their floors. If the goods are having some offense contents the objects are to be kept at the ground dispatch room and the consignee has to be called for cross check.An in-house doctor has to be placed at the work station for addressing concerns. cours e credit Employee safety handbook, Office of research safety and office of risk management, Northwestern university, 2003 viewed on 21/12/2006 available athttp//www.northwestern.edu/risk/EmpSafetyHandbook2003.pdfSafety tips,

Proposing a Solution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Proposing a Solution - Essay Ex racyThis paper examines the problem known as depression astray encountered by the adult person. Further, it explores the causes of such problem and, eventually, proposes a solution to it. On Identification Depression is a disorder characterized by sadness or lucid unhappiness (Rey and Birhamer 4). The depressed manner is felt and experienced widely from adolescent years. But what is more depressing here is the fact that depression is difficult to be clearly identified especially to the adolescent people. In life, I believed, sadness is not uncommon. Being unhappy, at one point of ones life, is dead human. Young ones as well those who are feeling four-year-old significantly encounter a certain feeling of unhappiness. Adolescent people, however, are more inclined(predicate) to depressed mood rather than the old folks. In fact, roughly 5 to 15 pct of adolescents experienced symptoms associated to clinical depression (Kaplan, Aguirre, and Rater 48). Kaplan, Aguirre, and Rater present a bewitching list of symptoms marked in adolescent depression. Now, I may not be a teenager but I am categorically a young adult. To my mind, real or imagine, I am still in my adolescent period. Borrowing from the list made by Kaplan, Aguirre, and Rater, below are devil signs -- they call it warning signs, and thats disturbing -- that I have encountered from the past few days 1. Noticeable changes in eating and sleeping habits. 2. Difficulty concentrating or making decisions. Considering this sort of reality, I am wondering if whether or not I have a clinical depression. (Except for the term depression, I like the backchat clinical.) Sounds interesting. Thinking it more deeply, though, I doubt it if I have one. On Causes By nature, depressions either in adolescents or in non-adolescents are hereditary (Gullotta and Adams 206). wherefore young people have symptoms characterized in clinical depression is because such disorder, whether one likes it or not, is inherited from generation to generation. In fact, roughly 50 percent of people possessing depressed mood are largely attributed to genetic predispositions (qtd. in Gullotta and Adams 206). Meaning to say, depression is unavoidable especially when ones parents have this mood disorder. Like the inevitability of death, unfortunately, mood disorder is part of the human life. But there is a good news here. According to certain studies, there is ample evidence supporting the theory that depressive symptoms are, in fact, less strong in terms of genetic association (qtd. in Gullotta and Adams 206). That is to say, depression is affected by the social environment in which the person having a mood disorder is immersed into. Today, there are two major views concerning the cause of mood disorder genetics and environment. On Solutions on that point are solutions to the problem inherent in the disorder called depression. In relation to hereditary as the cause of depressed mood, solu tion is barely available. It reminds me of one storied Darwinian biologist who proposes, although in jest, an extensive operation of persons who have genetic problems for instance, a criminal convict can be a law-abiding citizen if his expectant genes are replaced with good ones. That is not a bad ideal, is it? Well, what I am going to propose for a solution to the problem associated to depression in young people is greatly social in orientation. Depression can be lessened, if not prevented, especially when

Written Assignment #2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Written Assignment 2 - Essay ExampleDonatellos version of David is estimated to have been created around 1440. It was a preferably unique and famous statue owing to two facts that one, it was the first unsupported bronze sculpture of the 15th century, and two, it was one of the earliest nude sculptures known to the Renaissance. It has the figure of a David who seems quite young, like a seventeen-year-old, wearing only a hat and some knee-height boots. The rest of his body is nude. He is holding a large sword (seemingly Goliaths), in his right hand, and his left hand akimbo. Beneath his feet is Goliaths head, badly severed.One of the Renaissance aspects of this work is in proportion. The Renaissance artists, focused on realism, and that meant capturing their subjects accurately as they appeared in nature. As is evident here, David is wholly proportional. The second aspect is texture. The body has been made smooth as should be in nature, and the hair has its texture simulated in a similar manner. The boots he is wearing also have the leathery appearance achieved through texture creation. The another(prenominal) outstanding Renaissance art feature is the capturing of fine details, such as his face in which one can see the smile on him. It displays a happy emotion. Finally, the body has been molded such that the light falling on it will create shading so some parts of David will be dark and others lighter creating depth.Verrocchios David was created in bronze in the given period between 1473 and 1475. Similar to Donatellos, it was commissioned by the Medici family for placement at the Medici Pallazo (Pallazo della Signoria). The David here is older than Donatellos, seemingly in his early to mid-twenties. He has no hat on his head, wears a decorated battle vest, and a knee-length skirt. His hair travel freely and he is a little more muscular than Donatellos David. The sword he holds in his right

The Tourism Industry of Dubai Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Tourism Industry of Dubai - Essay ExampleDubai is known internationally as angiotensin-converting enzyme of the premier touring car destinations of the serviceman, especially among the high-income and elite group of phaetons. It is to a fault regarded as one of the richest places in the world where Dubai is always desired for mass tourism. There is app arently an endless kind of vacation opportunities in this part of the world with positive intervention and support from both government and industries. Notably, the government of UAE aims at developing Dubai as the chief tourist destinations in the world, making use of its unique tourism features operating as a differentiated tourist hub and thus obtaining the competitive advantages of almost no contiguous substitutes. The place is considered as the jewel of UAE because of the fact that it offers luxury, sumptuousness and outstanding facilities to the tourists with a magnificent blend of tradition and modern cultures. It has b een observed that outstanding hotels, shopping malls, and skyscrapers are the well-known characteristics of Dubai. It has been further viewed that Dubai offers great opportunities and verities for all potential tourists in accordance with the taste of the people visiting the city. It has also been noted that the shopping malls of Emirates situated in this place provide a variety of options to the customers from fashion to home furnishing. Furthermore, Dubai also focuses on developing its sports tourism industry sector facilitating various sports through move Dubai resort and other similar amenities (Henderson, 2006).... Gigantism engaging huge amounts of money had been the vision of tourism in Dubai owing to which many prominent projects of tourism development have raised significant threat to the scarcity of natural resources. Apart from environmental threats, the city is also affected by regular political intervention from the national and international levels, which is often te rmed as the War Zone. It is worth mentioning in this context that US military forces had been operating in Dubai, using the city as a vital base to perform spying activities on Iran, which has significantly influenced tourism rates within the city. Money laundering has also been a mostly debated issue in Dubai. Moreover, Dubai is also criticised for the slavery related issues. Behind the ultra modern and luxurious hotels of the city, there lies a dark world where slavery is still being practiced. Issues related to forced labour are also seemed to be quite significant in the city. Irrespective of such issues, Dubai had been qualified to maintain its peace avoiding any considerable terrorist attacks and rendering due scope to attract a variety of tourists from around the world (Davis, 2007 Keane & McGeehan, 2008). Emphasising these characteristics of the tourism market in Dubai, the paper would intend to evaluate the extent to which the city deciphers or rather illustrates the featu res of modern urban tourism. The intention of the paper will be thus pure on connoting if Dubai presents a new paradigm of urban tourism. Discussion Illustration of Dubai as a Tourist Place Dubai is known internationally as one of the premier tourist destinations of the world, especially among the

Article Astronomers Measure Precise Distance to Controversial Star Essay

Article Astronomers Measure Precise Distance to Controversial Star Cluster - Essay ExampleThe however the distance of the star, the smaller the size of the parallax.Astronomy is a social activity where astronomers discuss ideas and interpret data while at the same time tilt on what the observation mean. In the scientific method, they assume use of both the inductive and the deductive reasoning to learn about astronomy. In inductive reasoning, they throw away use of observations and use the results to make generalizations about astronomy. These generalizations may lead into a new theory or elaborations on a theory. They may also make use of deductive reasoning where the existing theories are subjected to rational considerations to come up with logical theory consequences.The consequences could result into new theories and other predictions testable through mixed experiments. For instance, there are radio astronomers claiming that they have determined a distance of the Pleiades clu ster of star from the earth. However, the results contradict that of European send aimed at measuring prima(predicate) distances. The European space agency launched a Hipparcos satellite to measure a parallax of 100000 stars (Croswell, 2014). Unfortunately, a certain booster failed to fire leaving a satellite in an elliptical orbit around the earth resulting into complicated data synopsis. Despite this, Hipparcos scientists released the data indicating the Pleiades cluster was closer to the earth. This raised a controversy since the analysis of data had been distorted.However, scientists agreed on a new methodology to resolve the ongoing controversy. They had to launch the Gaia spacecraft which measures parallaxes of billion stars including multiple Pleiades. The scientists are rose-colored that by the end of a decade, then individuals will have a sure proof of how far the cluster is from the earth. However, this could raise more controversies if its findings contradict what the astronomers look they know. Thus, astronomers use the scientific

Physical Characteristics and Feeding Habits of Greater Flamingo Research Paper

Physical Characteristics and Feeding Habits of greater Flamingo - Research Paper ExampleMale attain the full size at the suppurate of wizard and a half to ii years (Whitehouse 2003). Male greater flamingo is slightly bigger in size and therefore weighs more than their female counterparts. Greater flamingo wingspan stretches from 140 to 165cm. Coloration Greater flamingos argon pink in color. Red and pink people of colour of their feathers are said to be derived from carotenoids which form self-coloured portion of their diet. Algae and shrimps are rich in carotenoids which by and by synthesis give the red-pink coloration of the feathers. Flamingo metabolic system is efficient in breaking cut down the labile compounds found in carotenoids. The coloration for the male and female greater flamingo is same and with the young chicks displaying gray or white feather coloration after hatching. As the chicks grow, they attain grayish feather coloration. P.r.roseus legs and feet are pink -red in color (Johnson & Ce?zilly 2007). Appendages (legs, feet, neck and wings) The legs are longer than their body for mature greater flamingo with the ankle situated about half way up the leg. Their knee is located adjacent to the body and it is normally invisible from outside. Their feet have the three frontward pointing toes and one backward toe also known as hallux. Their toes are webbed to help them with swimming and stirring up food. The greater flamingo legs and feet have the same coloration (Romeu 2004). Their wing span stretches about 140-165 cm with 12 primary flight feathers positioned on either wing. Flight feathers are glum in coloration and are normally visible during flight when the wings are stretched. Flamingos are known to have about 19 long cervical bones this gives them the elongated and steer look. The morphology of the neck allows for greatest movement and twisting of the neck. The head ha eye positioned on both sides. For adult greater flamingo, the eye co lor is jaundiced while for juveniles they are white in colour for the first year of growth. Adult greater flamingo is black a black bill. The bill has a strain feeding adaptation. The upper and lower mandibles are tilted downwards just after the nostril. Greater flamingos upper mandible is light and acts as a cover to the lower one which is large and is like a trough. This allows them to feed on large food particles such as shrimps, brine flies and separate molluscs. The exterior part of the bill has tooth-like ridges which help in filtering food particles from pissing. There are two rows of hair-like or comb-like structures called lamellae on both the upper and lower mandibles. When the two mandibles come together, they form mesh like structure which helps in trapping food particles. P.r.roseus tongue is fleshy and large with bristle to allow it filter water and food particles from the lamellae (Whitehouse 2003). Feathers The principal flight feathers are 12 and are situated on either wing. The feathers are easily distinguished from other because they are black and are easily seen during flight when the wings are fully stretched. Tail feathers range from 12 to 16 in number. Moulting of the body and wing feathers kick the bucket at irregular interval and linked to their breeding series. The greater flamingo whole body is covered by contour feathers leaving out legs and feet which help in protecting the skin from damage and also streamline the body before flight. They spend close to a quarter of

Research paper on some aspect of John Steinbeck's life or work Essay

Research paper on some aspect of John Steinbecks life or work - Essay ExampleThe book stands as a testimony to their pitiable and makes the reader think about the reasons which caused this to happen, and whether the people ar victims of God, or fate, or of economic and political forces that exploit the poor and the fallible in society. The main characters in the book are members of the Joad family, and each one is introduced sympathetically, starting with young Tom Joad who has just been released from prison, and moving on to his father doddery Tom Joad, and his mother. The physical descriptions of the people express the moral qualities that they cling to despite all the hardship, for example we can see in the depiction of Toms mother that her solid body represents her role as the foundation upon which the whole family depends ... her strong, broad, bare feet moved quickly and deftly over the floor ... Strong, freckled weaponry were bare to the elbow... Her full face was not soft it was controlled, kindly... (Steinbeck, 2002, p. 74) In this world of economic hardship, and ecological disaster, the gender roles are somewhat reversed, since the men cannot provide for their families whatsoever more in the traditional ways of having a job or working the land. Granma and Grampa are caricatures of an older generation of rural Americans, and this is conveyed in their characteristically noisome (Grampa) or religious (Granma) behaviors, and also in the quaint, old-fashioned language that they use. Granma exclaims when she sees young Tom Pu-raise Gawd fur vittory (Steinbeck, 2002, p. 78) and the spelling here shows that the author is taking great stir up to try and represent the dialect of this period and place. There is also a hint in this unusual spelling, that the people being set forth here are not well educated, and cannot be blamed for the difficulties that they find themselves having to face. What becomes apparent all too soon, is that the whole of society is on the brink of collapse, and the poor are at the bottom of the heap and have the least chance of surviving. Steinbeck gives them a voice through these fictional characters, and by maintaining a plot that is very true to life, he also makes sure that lessons are remembered and passed down for future generations. The fact that Steinbeck himself was a science graduate who enjoyed a relatively privileged lifestyle in calcium (Gray, 2004, p. 497) makes this realism all the more admirable, because he must have had to do considerable research to understand the problems faced by people in the situations described in the novel. The portraitures are affectionate, and the fact that both of the grandparent generation are dead before the story gets very far adds to the pathos of the book. In fact in that location is a great deal of physical suffering, illness and death in The Grapes of Wrath, as if to make it plain to wealthier Americans in later decades just how much suffering took place i n recent historical times. People die of cancer, babies are stillborn, and whole families are wiped out by starvation. It is hard to imagine a grittier portrayal of American life. In the hands of some writers the long journey towards California looking for any kind of farming work would be an inspirational tarradiddle of the indomitable American spirit overcoming hardship and finally making dreams come true. Steinbeck does not paint this kind of idealized picture, however, and he stresses the harsh realities rather

Tech Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Tech Article - Essay ExampleThe current market price for RFID tags is between 20 and 40 cents. A company that is currently utilizing RFID tags to improve its supply chain is Wal-Mart Inc. Wal-Mart is the world largest retailer and biggest employer. The use of RFID has allowed Wal-Mart to improve its w arehouse logistics. For example Wal-Mart is using RFID technology to scan tags on products as pallets are moved through a dock or scanning cases on high shelves in a warehouse (Rfidjournal). Companies can also use the technology to track the movement of merchandise as it is moved by trucking companies. The auto-id system developed for use in RFID tags must be open reference so that there wont be any compatibility issues. A good system will use the internet to connect users to the information in real time. As the cost of RFID continues to decrease its application will become the new standard in the packaging industry. Work Cited Page Rfidjournal.com. 2011. What is RFID? RFID Journal. 1 walk 2011. Wordiq.com. 2010. RFID- Definition. 1 March 2011.

SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) Essay

SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) - Essay ExampleHe battered down government regulations and interference to illuminate banking far more global than before, merely he had to face immense criticism for raising voice for laissez-faire Capitalism. Some blamed Walter for bringing unreasonable loans to third world countries by contraindicating with government regulations for charging interest. According to his biographer Phillip Zweig he was a shy, insecure, and trembling personality as a rising executive but he revolutionized the old systems in a magnificent way.Huey Peirce Long was the former governor of lanthanum and a Democrat politician, reputed as the champion of common people. He was balance of Populist ideology and criticized Federal Reserve Bank intensely. He believed that its policies were responsible for Great Depression so he launched Share Our Wealth Plan but failed to elaborate how he will institute it. He was known for extremist mannerism against his opponents, preoccupation with presidential ambitions and flamboyant lifestyle. Long was successful as Louisiana governor in 1928 elections by winning enough support by his enormous campaigns, criticizing corporate sector and depicting the wealthy as parasites. It is also to be noted that he worked more for his state Louisiana, compared to the nation (Brinkley, 1983). His life has enjoyed fascination in literature, movies, and music Just when he started gaining more fame, he was assassinated and this has leftover his story, headstrong, charismatic yet unaccomplished.William Allen White (1868- 1944) was an influential American journalist, the Emporia Gazette former editor, a liberal Republican politician and the leader of Progressive movement in Kansas. He emerged as the spokesperson for the Middle America in his time. White gained attention all over the country because of his undaunted editorials in the Emporia Gazette, against the

Concept Of Morality Essay Example for Free

Concept Of Morality EssayExamples a. Moral protect the weak, keep going up for the downtrodden, savour everyone as much as you can and more every day, jump on any and all opportunities to save an innocent life, do your best to live up to your potential for the betterment of the world. Doing what is c everywhere because it is right, feeding a starving child, giving your coat to a homeless person, taking protect children and caring for them well, standing for what you know is right. 2. Amoral does not concern with any moral standard. Examples a.Amoral chew gum, play baseball, speak French, swim in the ocean, jump in a puddle, not caring if something is right or wrong. Driving, shooting a gun, internet, reading, watching TV 3. shameful does not turning in conformity with accepted principles. Examples a. Immoral murder for profit, treat people as tools for your advancement in business, betray your word, make decisions based on vengeance, initiate non-consensual sex, cheatin g on the stock market, lie maliciously, stealing, drag racing in the community at 11pm or early morning, murder, incest, doing anothers homeworkDifferent definitions of Morality a. Morality is a response to Gods incredible, freely given love and His gift of salvation offered to us through our Lord Jesus. b. Morality is a science, concerned about what ought to be , judging right from wrong in the wispy of revelation, ones act of responsibility, and responding to all personal invitation of Jesus. c. Morality is searching for the norms (standards) of free human conduct in the light of revelation. d. Morality is how humans relate to or treat one another to promote mutual welfare, growth and meaning in striving for good over bad and right over wrong.e. Morality is a system or principles by which we can determine if our conduct is right or wrong, these moral shipway of acting are found through our good sense. B. DIFFERENT CONCEPTS OF MAN Who is man? Karl Marx macrocosm is controlled b y the economic organization of society. Charles Darwin Life evolves from simple to abstruse form through an evolutionary process. Man struggled for existence. B. F. Skinner All human actions are actually the result of stimuli from our environment and no person can act out of his own will.Freedom may only appear to be so because the external forces which control our action are not noticeable. Signum Freud Man is controlled by instinct. We are not creature of reason but of instinct, particularly sexual instinct and the instinct of self-preservation. Martin Heidegger man is the past, the present and the future. Time is an important element in the life of man. Christians Christians are those who decide their own course of life because they know that not to decide is to decide. The Christians relate positively towards others because they have accepted in reliance the Word of God. Passages The dignity of the human person is rooted in his creation in the image and likeness of God it is f ulfilled in his vocation to overlord beatitude. By his reason, man recognizes the voice of God which urges him to do what is good and avoid what is evil. Everyone is obliged to follow the law, which makes itself heard in conscience and is fulfilled in the love of God and neighbor.Living a moral life bears witness to the dignity of the person. -from the Catechism of the Catholic church building. Man though made of body and soul, is a unity. Through his embodied condition, he sums up in himself the elements of the material world. Through Jesus, man is brought to the highest perfection and can raise his voice in praise freely given to the Creator. Man is obliged to regard his body as good and to hold it in honor since God has created it and will raise it up on the last day. -from the Vatican II, Church in the Modern World.

The Warrior Maiden Essay Example for Free

The Warrior Maiden EssayThe Oneida tribe is a Native American people that belong to the Iroquois Confederacy, which settled before in upstate New York. The name that the people give themselves is derived from Onayotekaono, meaning the People of the Upright Stone. The reputation of the Warrior Maiden is non necessarily specialised to the Oneida tribe, notwithstanding it is actually a rather common legend among the Native American peoples. However, the story is to be found in different variations that are, for their most part, dissimilar and satisfactory to the item tradition of each tribe. The Southern tribes, such as the Hopi people who are based in Mexico, suck up an almost entirely different version of the Warrior Maiden story. The Oneida version of this legend offers a memorable and very beautiful example of a true heroine the teenaged foremost, named Aliquipiso saves the Oneidas from their rival tribe, the Mingos, through unsurpassed resolutionousness and self -sacrifice. The legend has a great significance for the history and the goal of the Iroquois and of the Oneida people especially.Thus, first of all, the story gives an example of a perfect heroine of the people, a foremost that was reckon not notwithstanding by those that knew her and saw her brave heart and her pure spirit, but similarly by all the following generations that remembered her name. Aliquipiso literally saves her people from end of hunger, during a war with their most dangerous enemies, the Mingos. The legend is set evidently to a time before the arrival of the white colonizers. As the story has it, after a devastating invasion, the Oneida people found refuge from their enemies in the depths of the forests, in caves and desolate mountains where they were indeed protected but where they could die of hunger because of the lack of provisions. The only option for the tribe seemed to be either to perish in their hiding places by starving or to go out and get killed by their invaders. During the council, the young maiden named Aliquipiso came forward and told them that she herself is willing to sacrifice her life in order to lure the Mingos up to where the Oneida people were hiding, and and then get them all killed and deliver her people.The warrior maiden acts according to her plan, and, in order to enhance her credibility in the eyes of the enemies, she even takes the fire torture that the latter submit her too, pretending to surrender in the end because of the unbearable pain. Her valor and her willingness to besacrificed for the safety of her people are so great that she lets herself be killed in the clap along with the enemy tribe, as it was inevitable. Thus, the warrior maiden stands out as an example of wisdom, courage, purity (as the fact that she was a maiden indicates), moral integrity and self-sacrifice in the name of her people.The young womanhood fits indeed a pattern common to most of the Native American legends she represents s trength combined with purity, as the title that is given to her also indicates. She is a maiden, therefore she is morally and spiritually intact, but at the same time, her modesty is combined with the absolute strength given by her limitless courage. These two essential qualities simply hint at the heroic paperl according to the Oneida glossiness and tradition. Also, the warrior maiden is a model for her people and she represents national pride.Besides the notion of heroic ideal, the legend of the Warrior Maiden contains a very significant allusion to the very foundations of the Oneida tillage. Thus, the very name of the tribe is derived, as already indicated, from the phrase People of the Upright Stone. The plot of the story becomes thus very symbolic the enemies are destroyed with the help of the maiden that lures them to the secret and inaccessible hidings of the Oneidas, by crushing them with giant rocks fell from the mountain top. This particular means of destruction can be interpreted as a hint to the title that the tribe gives itself the phrase upright stone has multiple interpretations, ranging from the idea of uprightness, in force(p)ice and correctness, to that of unbeatable and crushing strength given by the moral force and purity of the members of the tribe We are hiding on top of a high, sheer cliff. Above us, the mountain is covered with boulders and heavy sharp rocks. You warriors wait and watch here. I will go to the Mingos and lead them to the spot at the foundation garment of the cliff where they all can be crushed and destroyed.(Erdoes and Ortiz, 253)A third and even more significant connection between the legend of the Warrior Maiden and the traditional culture of the tribe is the fact that the Iroquois societies were, for their most part, matriarchies.Thus, for example, the council of the tribe was chosen by the clan mothers or matriarchs, the fe anthropoid leaders of the people. Moreover, the gendered division of the labors and attr ibutions of each tribe member also hint at the strong tradition of the Oneida that gave a favoredplace to women in society Iroquois societies were strongly matrilineal women controlled agricultural lands, the election of leaders and, to rough extent, warfare The gender-based division of labor made women responsible for agricultural work and housekeeping, while men hunted, fished, and traded, although there were also women traders. Government and warfare were also male activities although the clan mothers heavily influenced decision-making. It is essential to note therefore that in the Iroquois society women had very important roles besides the fact that they were wives, mothers and housekeepers they also controlled agricultural work, and to some extent, warfare.Women thus played an active part in society, as influential leaders. In this context, the legend is easier to interpret the Oneida, as a people that honors women will be evaluate to give them a special place in their myth ology. Thus, the warrior maiden takes here the place of a true leader of the people and a commander that orders the attack on the Mingos and thus, in a way, she plays the part of a man also The Mingos crowded together in a dense mass with the girl in the center. Then Aliquipiso uttered a piercing cry Oneidas The enemies are here Destroy them(Erdoes and Ortiz, 253) The warrior maiden becomes a symbol of the brave women, as the story tells us The Great Mystery changed Aliquipisos hair into woodbine, which the Oneidas call running hairs and which is a good medicine. From her body sprang honeysuckle, which to this day is known among her people as the blood of brave women.(Erdoes and Ortiz, 253) The warrior maiden hair and body transform into woodbine and honeysuckle respectively, both of which are considered to be medicinal plants that have a great healing power. As it is widely known, for most of the Native American cultures, the plants play a very important role in medicine but also in various types of ghostly rituals and invocations of the spirits.Moreover, the metamorphosis of the maiden into these plants is in concordance with the strong agricultural tradition of the Iroquois. The transformation of the maiden into these two plants also signals the status that the warrior maiden has inside the Oneida culture she is much more than a heroine she is a mythological kind, symbolizing the purity and the strength of the female. The maiden is also, like most of the legendary heroes, an embodiment of the divinity, the Great essence in this case, which speaks and acts through her as the members of the clan acknowledge TheGreat Spirit has blessed you, Aliquipiso, with courage and wisdom, he said. We, your people, will always remember you.(Erdoes and Ortiz, 253) The legendary figure of the maiden is thus a symbol, something for the future generations to remember with honor and to set as an example The story of the girls courage and self-sacrifice was told and retold w herever Oneidas sat around their campfires, and will be handed down from grandparent to grandchild as long as there are Oneidas on this earth.(Erdoes and Ortiz, 253)She is at once the pure maiden, the matron, the chosen heroine inspire by the Great Spirit, and a courageous warrior. The fact that it is a woman who saves the whole people from perishing in the hands of the enemy tribe is very significant. Although women were not associated with physical strength or with skills on the battlefield, they are praised and honored for their spiritual qualities and their purity. This combination between purity and strength demonstrates that one of the most important characteristics of the Oneida culture is the belief that physical or mere heroic strength is not the greatest virtue. Perfection comes thus from the spirit or wisdom, paired with honor and courage and the devotion to noble causes.Thus, the warrior maiden is a symbol for many different virtues that put together form the perfect h eroine. The legend itself tells very significant things approximately the Native Indian cultures in general and the Oneida culture in particular. The story offers at once hints to the heroic ideal of the Iroquois, to the cult of the female gender specific to some Native American peoples and to the metaphoric significance of the tribes name. The most important conclusion to be derived from the analysis of the story is therefore the fact that there is a tight connection between the legend and the values and ideals specific to the Oneidas.Other versions of the Warrior Maiden legend, such as the variant told by the Hopi tribe, also render the forecast of feminine modesty combined with spiritual strength. In the Hopi tradition, the maiden actually fights against the enemies of her people, because she is left alone at home with her mother, who at the time of the attack was just combing her hair. Once more, this feminine detail emphasizes the delicacy of the maiden, as well as her hidden strength. Thus, although the details of the plot differ, the main contention of both the Oneida and the Hopi versions of the legend is that strength can come from the spirit,as well as from the body. The legend thus demonstrates the importance of the female cult for the Native Americans, to the extent that these people have created a mythology to explain female braveness.Works CitedErdoes, Richard and Alfonso Ortiz. American Indian Myths and Legends. New York Pantheon Fairy Tales and Folklore Library, 1984.Oneida Culture. Indian Country Wisconsin. http//www.mpm.edu/wirp/ICW-57.htmlOneida Culture and Language. http//www.native-languages.org/oneida.htm

Leadership Styles Management Essay Example for Free

Leadership musical modes Management Essay Production-centered managers set rigid work standards, nonionised asks down to the last detail, prescribed work methods o be followed and closely supervised their subordinates work Employee-centered managers encouraged subordinate participation in goal conniption and in other work decisions and helped ensure racy performance by inspiring trust and respect most sound leadershipMost effective leaders were those who had supportive relationships with their subordinates, tended to use group rather than individual decision making, and encouraged their subordinates to set and achieve high performance goals. Managerial Grid (Blake and mutton Studies)developed by Robert Blake and Jane Mouton identifies 5 different types of management behaviors based on the various ways that task-oriented and employee-oriented styles can interact with each otherStyle 1,1 (impoverished management) low fright for people, low concern for tasks or production laissez-faire management leader abdicates his or her leadership roleStyle 1,9 (country club management) high concern for employees, low concern for tasksStyle 9,1 (task or authoritarian management) high concern for production and efficiency, low concern for employeesStyle 5,5 (middle-of-the-road management) an intermediate amount of concern for both production and employee satisfactionStyle 9,9 ( team or democratic management) high concern for both production and employee morale and satisfaction most effective leadership behaviorHi. Alam kong FC ako sa ginagawa ko pero di ko na talaga matiis eh. Haha. Sorry kung na-intrude ko ang privacy mo dito sa FB. Masyado lang kasi akong na-mesmerized dun sa stratum mong ICH Book 1. Di ko nga alam kung gagamit ako ng po at opo o tatawagin kitang Ate habang tinatype ko to.Haha. Kahit hindi ako nagcocomment sa updates mo (sorry po, tinatamad kasi akong gumawa ng account doon D), gusto ko lang sabihin na nagustuhan ko yung plot ng story mo at grabe ang kaba ko habang papalapit na ako sa ending.Kahit ending na sya, naramdaman ko pa rin yung thrill. Hindi nakakasawang ulit-ulitin. Noon pa, curious na talaga ako sa identity mo pero whitethorn hint na ako na sa UP ka nag-aaral dahil dun sa jeepney ekek na nasabi mo. 3 Curiousity killed the cat but satisfaction brought it back. Wala lungs trip ko lang po isingit to. Mehehehe. Nakita ko po kasi yung link para sa FB account mo kaya ni-click ko na. XD First time kong mag-message sa isang writer ng story kaya pagpasensyahan mo na ako kung mukhang walang sense itong na-type kong message. Wahaha. Yun lang, byebye. =) FC ako, SORRY po ulet. )))) System 4 ManagementRensis Likert, incorporating the basic style categories of task orientation and employee orientation, devised his own model of management effectiveness.Four Leadership SystemsSystem 1characterized as exploitive and authoritativeManagers make all work-related decisions and order their subordinates to compact them out. F ailure to meet the managers goals results in threats or punishments. Managers have little trust or pledge in subordinates.Subordinates fear the managers.System 2benevolent authoritativeSubordinates who meet or exceed the managers goals may be rewarded. Managers have a condescending perspective toward their subordinates and subordinates are cautious when dealing with their managers.System 3consultativeManagers set goals and issue general orders after discussing them with subordinates. Subordinates can make their own decisions about how to carry out their ttasks. Rewards are used to motivate subordinates.Subordinates feel free to discuss most work-related matters with their managers, who, in turn, feel that to a large extent subordinates can be trusted to carry out their tasks properly.System 4participativeLikerts final and most favored management styleGoals are set and work-related decisions are made by group.To motivate subordinates, managers not only use economic rewards but also try to give their subordinates feelings of worth and importance Performance standards exist to permit self-appraisal by subordinates, rather than to provide managers with a tool to control subordinates. Interaction between managers and subordinates is frank, friendly, and trusting.Low productivity Systems 1 and 2 stylesHigh productivity Consultative or Participative leadership style System 4 management desirable management in a wide variety of work situationsHigh in experimental conditionLowest turnover ratesHighest employee satisfactionLow in considerationHigh in initiating structtureHigh grievance and turnover rates

Maslows hierarchy of human needs

Maslows hierarchy of kind-hearted takeQuestion 1Abraham Maslow is idolize as a great psychologist who lived from 1908 to 1970. He is renowned for the Maslows hierarchy of human leads. He came up with 5 levels of human needs. On the lowest quadrant of the gain lay the physiological needs which entailed food, sexual activity and breathing. Maslow contended these needs to be very basic and an essential for every human being. The next level of needs was the safety needs which encompass both financial and personal security as well as health and the well being of an individual. As the pyramid advances, there are other greater needs that human beings desire such as love and affection, esteem and self actualization. These needs are slaked in order of their hierarchy such that one would not satisfy a high need without first satisfying a lower need within the Maslow hierarchy need.Maslow hierarchy of needs is indeed imperative in that it illuminates the most important and the least imp ortant needs of human beings. Through this theory, we are able to identify the most basic human needs. In addition, Maslows hierarchy of needs enables us to gain a succinct understanding of the theory of motivation. just about times, managers would first of all seek to meet the basic needs of their employees so that they can be able to motivate their employees to higher levels.Critics on the other extend to suggest that human needs cannot be classified into hierarchies as Maslow did. A onetime philosopher argues that people are diverse and have different needs that they consider as basic. The hierarchy can therefore not be considered to be universal. What one considers to be a fundamental need may not be fundamental to another. Maslow was criticized for testing a small sample of about 100 students to come up with the hierarchy of human needs. The limited testing cannot therefore be construed to be sufficient.Question 2In this experiment, patients with depression shall be sampled. A sample of 40 patients under new medication and crucifixion from depression entrust be taken. The potentiality of the patients new medication against depression will be measured by determining the changes in way among the 40 patients.HypothesisThis regard seeks to establish the tellingness of new medication for treating depressionRandom assignment of participantsThe sample of 40 patients suffering from depression will be sampled from different hospitals across the state of Texas. These patients will consist of those suffering from depression and are using the new medication.The patients will be monitored for about a week to establish the effectiveness of the new medication.Independent variableThe period of time for administering the new medication to patients with depressionDependent variableThe rate of healing of the patients with depressionThe quantity of drugs administered to the patients suffering from depressionEthical guidelinesHere, we shall monitor the patients impro vement in terms of their behavior. The patients sampled will be monitored for a period of one week.Question 3Psychology is the field of the mental mind and the disciplines and theories that surround the mental mind. Psychology therefore does not merely study the mental process but also encompasses the behavior of human beings and the likely effects that this behavior has to both the individual and the environment at large.Question 4Operant conditioning implies using results to modify behavior towards the want direction. This principle entails altering behavior that is based on the environment through first changing the environment. Drinking alcohol and driving can be changed via operant conditioning. This can be changed through making it illegal to drink and drive as well as closing drinking joints early.Positive reinforcement entails introducing an meet that encourages the occurrence of a certain behavior. For instance, withdrawing law pertaining to drinking and driving is a pos itive reinforcement. On the other hand, negative reinforcement involves introducing behavior that inhibits the commission of a certain behavior for instance, in the above example, introducing gadgets that will be used to detect drunk drivers on the road. This helps in shaping the behavior of drinking groups within the society. Negative reinforcement also leads to the extinction of undesired behavior. Reinforcing laws against drunk driving is also negative reinforcement.Punishment is one way of discouraging behavior. It is thus an effective way of limiting operant conditioning. Reinforcement cannot be effectively done at once. There is need for a schedule of reinforcement which indicates how the undesired behavior will be altered.

The National Innovation System Management Essay

The National Innovation System Management EssayFirms describe concept an essential f spotor to increase sustainable wage and market sh be due to the rapid globalisation and commoditization in goods and services (Westland, 2008). Miozzo and Walsh (2006) in like manner state that truehearteds effectiveness in competitive inter national trade in goods and service depend on two factors, which areThe scale of RD and other scientific activities.The way in which the available resources are managed and organised both at the level of enterprise and at the national level.Thus, National Innovation System (NIS) will enable a country with limited resources to make rapid board through suitable combinations of imported engine room and local adaption and schooling (freewoman, 1987). With these combinations, national firms will transform to a market leader and countrys economy to flourish.Hence, in my essay, I will define meaning of NIS, my understanding of systemic aspect of conception and discuss the different institutions involved in NIS in section 2. Section 3 and 4 will discuss how interaction in NIS can affect the progressive implementation of national firms with a case study of Taiwan innovation system in section 5. Lastly, section 6 will tender a conclusion of my findings, and the gaps place for emerging explore.National Innovation SystemSince the 1980s, confused authors (Freeman, 1987 Lundvall, 1992 Nelson, 1993) studied the concept of national innovation system (NIS) which is used as a of the essence(p) conceptual framework for analysing technological change, and to lay the foundations to improve the frugal growth of a nation. NIS can be categorized under narrow and broad definitions. The narrow approach (Lundvall 1992) is further defined by both Nelson (1993) and Freeman (1987). Freeman (1987) defined NIS as The network of institutions in the creation and reclusive sector whose activities and interaction initiate, import, modify and diffuse wise technologies and Nelson (1993) defined NIS as a set of institutions whose interactions determine the advance(a) performance of national firms.Lundvall (1992) defined the broach approach of NIS by saying that NIS includes all parts and aspects of the economic structure and the institutional set-up affecting attainment as well as searching and exploring the production system, the marketing system and the system of finance present themselves as sub-systems in which learning takes place.To summerise all the definitions above, I will use the definition by Metcalfe (1995). Metcalfe (1995) defined NIS as That set of distinct institutions which jointly and individually contribute to the development and diffusion of new technologies and which provides the framework within which governments form and implement policies to influence the innovation process. As such it is a system of interconnected institutions to create, store and counterchange the familiarity, skills and artefacts whi ch define new technologies.This led me to understand that NIS is a system to manage innovation and the meaning of systemic aspect of innovation. The system consist of divers(a) actors and institutions which the main components of the system. The term systemic aspect of innovation refers to how all these actors and institutions interact with each other in order to implement NIS effectively. Innovation is based on learning by collaborating and interacting with organisations and not by innovating in isolation (Edquist 19977, p20-22). This is further supported by Fagerberg (2005) who emphasis the systemic aspect of innovation processes. Lundvall (1992) and Nelson (1993) also stress that for innovative performance to improve, it is requirement to understand the linkage among the institutions involved in the innovation process.Main Component of NISBefore we understand the interaction among institutions that is important in NIS, it is necessary to understand what are the different insti tutions involved. However, the term institution is very subjective as different authors themselves have their own definition. Nelson and Rosenberg (1993) defined institutions as organisations, whereas Lundvall (1992) defined institutions as the rules of the game. This makes the understanding of institutions confusing. Therefore, to make a clear distinction for institutions in the essay, I shall use the definitions made by Edquist and Johnson (1997).OrganisationOrganisations are the formal structure where the players or actors in NIS are created with a purpose and goals (Edquist and Johnson 1997 47). They are a radical of iv players (Pavitt. K and P.Patel, 1994 Capron et al., 2000). groundings of Industrial RD (Capron et al., 2000). They are the problem firms who are the major investors on Research Development (RD) in each nation economy for technological change activities (Pavitt. K and P.Patel, 1994).Institution of education (Capron et al., 2000). They are the universities prov iding basic research for the business firms and related training to the undergraduates (Pavitt. K and P.Patel, 1994).Institutions of public/private research (Capron et al., 2000). They are the public/private institutions providing general education and vocational training for the workforce (Pavitt. K and P.Patel, 1994).Institutions of technology bridging (Capron et al., 2000). They facilitate the interaction of institution in the innovation process to resolve mismatch or exploit the result of research performed by public research institutions to enhance the absorption power of existing firms and promote the creation of new-venture firms and university spin-offs.InstitutionInstitutions, on the other hand, are the rules of the game which consists sets of common habits, routines, established practices, rules, or laws that regulate the relation and interactions between individuals, groups and organisations (Edquist and Johnson 1997 46) which shape the behaviour of firms and other organi sations by creating constraints and/or incentives for innovation (North 1990) that affect learning, searching and exploring activities (Bozeman and Dietz, 2001). There are a total two institutions.Institution of policy formulation (Capron et al., 2000). They are the government bodies performing a variety of activities to promote and regulate technological change (Pavitt. K and P.Patel, 1994).Institution of promotions of entrepreneurship (OECD, 1999). It is the ethos, culture, and attitude towards entrepreneurship and risk taking that can have an important influence on the innovative performance of firms (Miozzo and Walsh, 2006).Interaction of organisations and institutions in NISIn the past, NIS takes the form of a linear model in knowledge flow (Stoke, 1993). However, there are limitations to the linear model. This is because, in practice, ideas innovation derives from various sources and can be from any diaphragm of stage in the linear model. Furthermore, OECD (1997) said that in novation occurs from complex interaction between institutions instead in a linear sequence enabling knowledge flows to other institutions.As economic activities are becoming more knowledge-intensive, the success of firms, disregarding of size, depends on how effective it is in gathering and utilizing knowledge from various institutions. OECD (1997) identified four main interactions that occur within NIS. Chang and Shih (2004) made some changes to the main interactions identified in OECD (1997). They combined the concept of joint industry activities and public/private interactions and named it as RD collaboration, retained technology diffusion and force out mobility, and added a new interaction called informal interaction. Lundvall (1985) also identified the user-producer interaction. Appendix 1 summarizes the main components of institutions and the interaction among institutions which are discussed below.RD CollaborationThe benefits of joint activities and public/private interacti on have provided the firms a competitive advantage and a positive effect on the firms innovative performance. This is proven by several empirical studies from Klomp and van Leeuwen (2001), Janz et al. (2003) van Leeuwen (2002), Loof and Heshmati, (2002), Criscuolo and Haskel (2003) and Faems et al. (2004).RD collaboration enables risk and cost sharing in measures of uncertainty in technological developments (Das andTeng, 2000Tyler and Steensma, 1995), shorter innovation cycles (Pisano, 1990), pooling of resources to achieve economies of scale and scope and gaining synergies from complementary human and technical assets (Kogut, 1988 Das and Teng, 2000 OECD, 1997) and increase firms competences and skills by monitoring technology and market developments (Hamel, 1991 Roberts and Berry, 1985 OECD, 1997). RD collaboration also enables firms to discover new markets or market segment (Tether, 2002 Monjon and Waelbroeck, 2003). Furthermore, public/private interaction in RD collaboration en ables firms to internalise and manage knowledge spillovers and remove the banish effect of spillovers on RD (Amir, 2003 De Bondt, 1996 Kamien et al., 1992 Suzumura, 1992 Leahy and Neary, 1997). In addition, RD collaboration also enables knowledge to be transferred voluntarily to firms (Katsoulacos and Ulph, 1998).Informal InteractionInformal interaction normally occurs in personnel communicating with one another in order to gain tacit knowledge and information more efficiently for problem solving and learning which is skillful for the firm (Chang and Shih, 2004). This is because individuals can elaborate or modify what was said to handle objections and misunderstandings effectively (Kraut et al., 1982). Furthermore, informal interaction can overcome different frames of reference or clarify ambiguous issues to change understanding in a timely manner (Daft and Lengel, 1986, p.560) and when coordination is need in times of uncertainty and equivocality (Daft and Lengal, 1986). This is proven by Argote (1982) literature as it shows that slew are more successful in performing their work.Technology DiffusionTechnology diffusion is the dissemination of technical information and know-how from products create by customers, suppliers, competitors and public institutions and the sequence adoption of new techniques and technologies by users (OECD, 1997 Tassey, 1992). Despite technology diffusion is slow-moving process, it is still important because the innovative performance of firms, regardless whether it is from manufacturing or service industries, depends on technology diffusion (OECD, 1997). This is because the innovative performance of firms depends heavily on innovation and products developed elsewhere (OECD, 1997) to obtain the foundations for high-technology development in the firm (Hsu and Chen, 1998).Personnel MobilityAs tacit knowledge and skills are important to a firm, the mobility of personnel has become increasing important (Gruenfeld et al., 2000 Kraat z and Moore, 2000 Rao and Drazin, 2002). Personnel mobility is the movement of people and tacit knowledge that moves within industries and between public and private institutions (OECD, 1997 Chang and Shih, 2004). This whitethorn cause knowledge and skills to overlap which might result a firm in either reinforcing the firms current way of organizing or questioning the efficacy of existing organizing patterns (Tammy et al., 2003). In addition, Research from Argote and Ingram (2000) has shown firms knowledge library is initially facilitated by individuals. Hence, this determines that personnel mobility is important to the firms innovative performance.User-Producer InteractionProducers and users both have strong incentives to interact with one another (Lundvall, 1985). This kind of interaction is commonly found where the products are specialized and pricy capital goods. Producers can monitor process innovation within user firms and if it is successful, producers can use it to present to other users as product innovation. At the equivalent time, users can monitor the competence of producers to identify which producers are competent to assist them in developing new product innovation. Hence, this helps to improve the innovative performance of firms as it enables them to produce new process or product innovation.Systemic Failure in NISDespite that NIS approach is successful in various countries, there are still instances whereby systemic imperfections can occur tether to slowing down the innovation as a whole. Literatures from Carlsson and Jacobsson (1997), Smith (1997), Malerba (1997), Johnson and Gregersen (1994) and Edquist et al. (1998) focused on systemic imperfections, leading to a summerised list of systemic imprefectionsInfrastructural relegateure (Smith, 1997 Edquist et al., 1998) is the physical infrastructure that actors need to use and the science and technology infrastructure.Soft and hard institutional failure (Smith 1999 Edquist et al., 1998 Joh nson and Gregersen 1994) that may regulate economic behavior and interaction which may hinder innovation.Interaction failure (Carlsson and Johnson, 1997) from both strong and weak network failure can blockade innovation.Capabilities failure (Smith 1997 Malerba 1997) due to the lack of capabilities to learn and absorb knowledge effectively resulting in lock-in with existing technologies and unable to use new technologies.Although there are four factors involved in systemic failure, I will only discuss on how interaction failure can affect the innovative performance of national firms of any sizes in relation to the essay topic.Interaction FailureThe innovative performance of firms is dependent on the interaction between institutions to develop and design products (Smith 1999). In the next few sub-sections below, I will discuss how both strong and weak network failure can hamper innovation.Strong network failureCarlsson and jacobsson (1997) describe strong network failure happens when individual actors are guided by other network actors in the wrong direction and consequently fail to supply each other with the required knowledge. These could be caused by the following factorsMyopia due to internal orientation. When relationships established for a long period of time results in trust relationship and habituation, this causes a certain degree of closure (Bogenrieder and Nooteboom, 2002). The group will be unwilling to exit the group or stand new entrants in leading to myopia and inertia (Nooteboom, 2000). This results insufficient attention to the development outside causing a lock-in to existing products.Lack of weak ties. washy ties are the bridges to industries, educational and cultural background outside their inner circle. Granovetter (1983) and Burt (1987) emphasis the importance of weak ties leading to new knowledge and impulses or provide the knowledge that the individual firm lacks. These linkages can keep them updated with new developments and keep tra ck on new knowledge, skills and resources.Dependence on dominant partners. The dependence may be due to asset specificity, switching costs or due to a lack of alternative partners that results in difficulty to find new partners for new innovation products or process.Weak Network failureWeak network failure (Carlsson and Jacobsson, 1997) happens when connectivity between complementary technologies and actors are poor, causing the possibilities for interaction learning and innovation to be under-utilised and failure to adapt new technological development. In addition, this will hinder the coordination of research efforts and investment due to a lack of shared fancy for future technology development.Taiwan Innovation SystemIn 1970s, Taiwan was an island nation with limited natural resources and a scarce domestic market. The government, local and contrasted scholars recognized this problem believed they should set up an export-orientated strategy to develop high-technology industry to ensure a sustainable economy in Taiwan (Hsu and Chen, 2003)Hence, there was a joint effort by institutions and organizations to stimulate the development of high-tech industry. ST policies were formulated to assist the framework of Taiwan NIS (Hsu and Chen, 2003) shown in Appendix 2.Interactions in Taiwan NIS The fiber Study of IC IndustryTo illustrate the interactions in Taiwan NIS, this essay will be how the interaction of institutions (Appendix 3) led the growth of the IC industry in Taiwan (Appendix 4) to become the fourth largest producer in the world.As Fig. 3 shows, the Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA) is the main agency responsible for industrial technology development in Taiwan. Their role is to transfer the research results to the private institutions for product development and commercialization through technical assistance, information diffusion and manpower training. MOEA also kit and boodle to strengthen the interaction between industry, government, universities and research institutions with the goal of optimizing the facilitation of industrial technology innovation. (Hsu and Chen, 2003)Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) was contracted by the government to act as the bridging institutions between industry firms and overseas public/private institutions. They interact with the private sector via technology transfer and collaboration to assist in technology development. National Science Council (NSC) also sponsored universities to collaborate with private sectors in joint research projects. By doing so, it provides technical assistance, technical information, and personnel training to the private sector. In addition, the introduction of new technologies, joint research, overseas investment and strategic alliance via the interactions between overseas corporations and research organizations also benefited the industry firms. (Hsu and Chen, 2003)Interaction Failure in Taiwan NIS The Case Study of Biotechnology IndustryDespite the su ccessful implementation of NIS in the IC industry as relateed earlier, the Taiwans innovation system in Taiwans biotechnology industry, consisting mainly SMEs, is still fragmented as the current status of industry is still insignificant in the world (Sun, 2005).In Sun (2005) vista for the biotechnology industry, he identified several systemic failures. However, according to the essay objectives, we will only focus the interaction failures that were identified. They areKnowledge of public research made not available to public which prevented the transmission of the knowledge to the industries to develop (Porter, 1990).Insufficient supply of scientific research causing a lack of linkage between firms and research institutes (Sun, 2005).Lack of cross-border RD collaboration prevented local biotech firms to have access to foreign knowledge (Bartholomew, 1997).Hence, all of these points mentioned pointed that a weak network failure, one of the causes for interaction failure, was the ca use that prevented innovative performance of Taiwans biotechnology firm.ConclusionThis essay aims at discussing the interaction of institutions which will affect the innovation performance of national firms of any sizes. ground on the above discussion, I conclude that interaction of institutions can improve innovative performance of firms, but it can also hinder the innovative performance of firms as well.Strong interaction of institutions enables knowledge flows from one actor to another which is important to stimulate innovation. This enables firms to develop new technologies, products or processes to maintain its competitiveness for the firm or achieve cost savings which are crucial for its survival in the industry.At the same time, interaction of institutions can also hinder the innovation performance of firms. This is due to the factors mentioned above in interaction failure. Firms will not have access to new knowledge and technologies make them unable to innovate.Despite vari ous literatures identifying the types of interaction among institutions, there is still room for improvement for future research in identifying the different types of interactions involved in institutions. Limited literature has been found to mention the types of interaction between government and the various organizations and institutions that helped to implement the preferred policies to enhance the innovative performance of firms. The interaction between them seems to be a one-way process. Hence, this calls for future research to identify what are the other interactions that can also help to improve the innovative performance of firms of any sizes.